I’d first check whether the same PDF behaves normally after copying it out of the OneDrive folder, for example to your Desktop.
For the highlighting issue, make sure Tools > Text Selection is active in Preview. OCR text can be visible but still not be encoded in a way Preview can select or highlight reliably. Apple also notes that protected PDFs can prevent text selection.
The jump back to page 1 sounds more related to OneDrive replacing or refreshing the file during sync. If it only happens with PDFs stored in OneDrive, that would narrow it down quite a bit. Preview itself has a setting under Preview > Settings > PDF > Start on the last viewed page, but that may not help if OneDrive is causing Preview to reopen the file.
I wouldn’t reset or unlink OneDrive yet. First try one affected PDF locally and see whether adding text, highlighting, and staying on the current page all work normally there.
A friendly note: This is the German-language Apple Support Community. Posting your question in German will make it easier for more members to understand it and offer assistance.